Also known as the Old University of Alabama Observatory, the Frederick R. Maxwell Hall is a historic building inside the University of Alabama campus in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. It is historically significant for being the old observatory of the school.

Built in 1844, the Frederick R. Maxwell Hall was designed to be an observatory. It was equipped with an equatorial mounted Troughton & Simms refracting telescope in 1849. During the Civil War, the lens of the telescope was sent away to the Bryce Hospital for safekeeping. This was a wise move since the university was a military target at the time, after being converted into a military unit by Landon Garland, the third university president. The building was spared from being burned down, but some parts of the telescope were looted by some of the soldiers.

Today, the Frederick R. Maxwell Hall is used by the Creative Campus Assembly. It was renamed in 1985 after Frederick R. Maxwell, who was the consulting engineer of the university, primarily responsible for the restoration and preservation of the buildings from the 1800s.