Baldwin Lake State Fish & Wildlife Area is a state waterfowl and wildlife refuge located in Baldwin, Illinois. It is located in Randolph and St. Clair counties and is operated by the state through the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

The Baldwin Lake State Fish and Wildlife area is centered on the 2,018 acre perched cooling Baldwin Lake. The lake itself is owned by the Illinois Power Company and is lease to the Illinois Department of Natural Resources for the management of recreational activities in the area.

Because it is a reservoir, power plant activities have a noticeable effect on fish activity and success in the area. Growth rates in the lake are accelerated for several fish species in the park when compared to other lakes in the region.