The Carlyle Lake State Fish and Wildlife Area is a state recreational facility located in Vandalia, Illinois. The nature area, park, and recreational activities on the lake is managed by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources through the Illinois State Parks program. The lake is administered by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.

Carlyle Lake State Fish and Wildlife Area is a popular hunting and fishing destination for locals and other park visitors. The area around the lake is known as one of the top waterfowl hunting areas in the region. The Illinois Department of Natural Resources provides permits for hunting a variety of species in the area including turkey, squirrels, quail, rabbits, doves, and white-tailed deer. Fishing is also a popular activity on the lake.