Joseph Erlanger is a noted physician, one of the best doctors in the early years of the twentieth century. He was a Nobel Prize winner in the field of Physiology or Medicine, awarded with honors in 1944, for his work on the electrical nature of the body?s nervous system with one of his students, Herbert Gasser, who shared the prize with him.

It is said that the Joseph Erlanger House in St. Louis, Missouri was the home to this John Hopkins University med school graduate in 1917 until his death in 1965. The house is believed to have been constructed in 1903.

The Joseph Erlanger House is now a National Historic Landmark, in accordance to its 1976 declaration. It is privately owned today.